Troy School District has one of the highest percentages of Asian American students in the state, and parents say they're disproportionately affected.

In San Francisco, dismantling middle-school algebra did little to end racial inequities among students in advanced math classes. After a huge public outcry, the district decided to reverse course.

But many people believe that math instruction in the U.S. isn’t working. That’s led to a growing interest in changing how it’s done, with political fights over how to shake things up and large ...