The Biopsychosocial Model of Illness (“the BPS model”), first conceptualized in 1977 by George Engel, broadens the prevailing biomedical model of illness. The biomedical model views illness as ...

Vol. 40, No. 1, Advancing Theory in Health Promotion and Community Health (January-March 2017), pp. 62-71 (10 pages) Alcohol, tobacco, and marijuana are commonly used substances among adolescents. In ...