Researchers at the University of Tsukuba have demonstrated that intensified environmental variability (EV) can promote the evolution of cooperation through simulation based on evolutionary game theory ...

Eating and being eaten is a normal process in nature. These predator–prey dynamics help to stabilize ecosystems. It ensures that individual species do not become too abundant, controls their ...

Competition between groups represents a different hypothesis, prominent but controversial, about why humans cooperate in one-shot social dilemmas 4,5,7,14,15. The principal claim is that ancestral ...

The evolution of cooperation is no longer mysterious or hard to explain. Although apparently altruistic behavior can seem maladaptive when viewed in isolation 1, when placed in the proper context, it ...

Cooperation is a guiding principle of everyday life. It’s as simple as following the rules of the road when driving or holding a door for a stranger; cooperation is a fundamental aspect of human ...

Researchers have demonstrated that intensified environmental variability (EV) can promote the evolution of cooperation through simulation based on evolutionary game theory. This result offers a new ...

Tsukuba, Japan—Previous scholars have widely proposed that the emergence of advanced cognitive abilities and sociality in humans originated in Africa during the MSA. However, the specific mechanisms ...