The distinction between analog and digital signals is very simple, but it can still be a challenge to wrap one's mind around the concepts that define the two systems. Just when you think you've got it ...

This chapter presents several ways in which the microcontrollers interact with analog signals. It contains a description of the analog comparator of AT90S8535, the A/D converter of HC11 and AVR, and ...

What is an analog-to-digital converter (ADC)? What are the key performance features of an ADC? The different ADC architectures. Real-world applications require real-world connections. Generally, that ...

How analog signal engineering is performed, in broad strokes. What are the component-selection considerations for new designs? What are VFAs and how are they used? Analog signal engineers specialize ...

Fourier transforms are mathematical calculations that can be used to identify the frequencies that make up a signal and shed ...

The trend in the design of new communication systems has been toward increasing the use of digital techniques. Digital communications offer several important advantages compared to analog ...

Bad Fast Fourier Transfer (FFT) data captures can cause you to misunderstand the true performance of your analog-to-digital converter (ADC). Some engineers like to coherently sample and capture data ...

Beamforming is used for directional signal transmission and reception with the versatility to change both amplitude and phase to help regulate power needs and steer the beam in the intended direction.

What differentiates a mixed-signal printed circuit board design from a purely analog board or a purely digital system? What differentiates a mixed-signal printed circuit board design from a purely ...

A newly drafted IEEE standard will bring more consistency to defect metrics in analog/mixed (AMS) designs, a long-overdue step that has become too difficult to ignore in the costly heterogeneous ...